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Episodes transmitted from 35mm negatives that were disposed of are The Power of the Daleks episode 6 and The Wheel in Space episode 5. Some episodes (such as episode 5 of The Dalek Invasion of Earth and episode 6 of The Wheel in Space) were transmitted from 35mm film prints and retained by the BBC, and exist in their original broadcast quality. The latter is much more difficult and technical and usually requires some clever filtering to double the framerate properly. The former is easier to remaster, as they simply scan the film to digital, repair all the damage done to the film over the years, then apply a filter that turns it to interlaced video. Either way, the result is the less stable, 24fps footage commonly seen on film.
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As a result, the film copies - depending on their age - either had two interlaced fields (half-frames) combined into one regular frame or discarded one field and just upscaled each half-frame to fill the screen. Videotapes capture interlaced video, essentially meaning that the footage runs at 48 frames per second, but has its vertical resolution halved, allowing for much smoother movements. Any existing copies were 16mm telerecordings (film recordings produced by shooting footage of a monitor displaying playback of the source video) for international distribution these copies were the ones recovered by the BBC. Of note is the fact that almost all the episodes were initially shot, edited, and broadcast on PAL videotapes these tapes are what were wiped for reuse. Episode 3 of The Faceless Ones (20 seconds).Episode 2 of The Underwater Menace (2 seconds).
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Episodes 3 & 4 of The War Machines (1:18, 1 minute from Episode 3, 18 seconds from Episode 4).Episode 4 of The Celestial Toymaker (5 seconds).Episode 4 of The Time Meddler (12 seconds).Episodes 2 & 4 of The Keys of Marinus (17 seconds, 7 from Episode 2, 10 from Episode 4).However, some serials are still missing several seconds of footage from the following episodes:Ī picture was taken on the set of the lost episode "Marco Polo."
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Through these methods, the BBC and fans of the show have managed to recover 50 episodes over the years (most recently in October 2013), including nine full missing serials. While the last wipings occurred in 1974, it was in 1978 when the rise in popularity of home media prompted the BBC to officially end their junking policy network-wide and start searching for the episodes that they had lost by attempting to gain the cooperation of private collectors and probing the television stations that they had loaned film copies to (reels that had, as of then, not yet been returned). During this time, each party assumed that the other had already archived their own copies, and in the end, both parties threw out their own master reels of many old black-and-white productions.Įventually, the BBC was convinced to stop wiping episodes of Doctor Who at the insistence of Ian Levine, a record producer and prominent fan of the show accounts vary regarding when Levine's intervention took place, with sources ranging from 1974 to 1978 (if a date is given at all). Meanwhile, BBC Enterprises wiped their own reels due to a combination of them being considered unnecessarily voluminous, the high price tag of new magnetic videotape, and, following the advent of colour television, the belief that the black and white serials had become visually outdated and thus impractical to re-air. The Film Library was not obligated to store productions not recorded on film, prompting them to destroy their copies. During production, the BBC Film Library and BBC Enterprises were conflicted over which of them had the responsibility of archiving Doctor Who master reels. While it was typical of the BBC during this time to wipe old master tapes for re-use instead of purchasing expensive new videotape reels, the story of the episodes' junking goes far deeper than what one can call standard procedure. A film canister containing a previously missing episode of Doctor Who, "The Evil of the Daleks: Ep 2".